Artifacts in Jamaica free essay sample

Artifact An object made by human craft, especially a tool, weapon etc and represent historical interest. It is normally an inexpensive object which is an example of the way earlier civilization lived. Types of artifact ? Ceramic Artifacts ? Chamber Pot ? Tin-Glazed earthenware ? Border ware Chamber Pot [pic] A chamber pot is a small pot, usually ceramic, designed to fit under a bed or in a discreet close stool. The earliest form of chamber pot appeared in the fourteenth century in Egypt, and was commonly made of metal.Examples are known of tin, lead, pewter, copper, silver, and even gold. The chamber pots used in Colonial America were originally patterned after silver models, but pottery was the most common material used. Chamber pots is just a few of the many items brought to Jamaica during the era of Christopher Columbus and was an item frequently found through out the colonial sit of Port Royal. We will write a custom essay sample on Artifacts in Jamaica or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The first ceramic model was recorded from at least 1418, and was identical to cooking pots. To differentiate them, pots were often placed within a close stool with a hinged top and padded seat.The wide uses of chamber pots lead to it being mass-produced by the Staffordshire Potteries in the mid-17th century. In the era when going to the bathroom involved a trek to the outdoors, people who needed to go to the bathroom at night would use the chamber pot to urinate, and empty it in the morning. The most common place that you would find a chamber pot is under the bed, as it is a convenient and ready location. Some people had close stools, pieces of furniture designed to conceal a chamber pot.In many cases, the close stool had a bench with a lifting lid, allowing women to sit comfortably while they used the chamber pot. During the day, members of the household would be expected to use the outside bathroom, unless they were ill. The chamber pots from the night before would be emptied and scrubbed before being replaced in the bedrooms. Commonly, chamber pots would have been emptied into the outside bathroom, but some households simply threw the contents out the window. In homes which had a household staff, a maid would empty the chamber pots as part of her morning chores.The basic design of a chamber pot involves a pot deep enough to hold urine without splashing, and a secure lid. Usually, a chamber pot has handles so that it can be carried easily. While poor households probably had very plain chamber pots, more elegant examples of decorated pots can be found in some museums, suggesting that these were from more lavished households. Generally, raised decorations would be found on the outside of a chamber pot, and the inside would be left smooth and decoratively painted. borderware [pic] Tin-glazed earthenware [pic] AcknowledgmentI would like to sincerely acknowledge the valiant effort of all those who contributed to the success of the project titled ‘artifacts from Jamaica’s past’. Thanks to Ms. Cameron (teacher of class 6c from St. Catherine Preparatory School) for her valuable guidance by way of giving the direction on what the project should consist of, and for providing the opportunity for me to develop an understanding of how to carry out a researched project successfully. I also want to thank my parent for further guidance and their effort in ensuring that the project was finished in due time.

Principles 1 Chapter 1 1 Essay

Principles 1 Chapter 1 1 Essay Principles 1 Chapter 1 1 Essay Students, Welcome to the first lecture for Principles of Biology I. This is an incredibly intense and fast-paced course. I suggest you attend every class, focus and listen while in class, take advantage of available tutoring, study regularly and complete all homework assignments on-time. Decide this evening what your goal is for this course. Make your goal very specific and devise a plan for achieving that goal. Please be prepared to work and to study REGULARLY. Dr. Ziska Chapter 1 Life: Chemical, Cellular and Evolutionary Foundations CHAPTER 1 OUTLINE/CORE CONCEPTS 1.1 The Scientific Method The scientific method is a deliberate way of asking and answering questions about the natural world. 1.2 Chemical and Physical Principles Life works according to fundamental principles of chemistry and physics. 1.3 The Cell The fundamental unit of life is the cell. CHAPTER OUTLINE/CORE CONCEPTS 1.4 Evolution Evolution explains the features that organisms share and those that set them apart. 1.5 Ecological Systems Organisms interact with one another and with their physical environment, shaping ecological systems that sustain life. 1.6 The Human Footprint In the 21st century, humans have become major agents in ecology and evolution. Chapter 1 Introduction Biology: The science of how life works; a natural science concerned with the study of life and living organisms- including their structure, function, growth, evolution, distribution and taxonomy – Biologists study life and living organisms Why bother studying biology? Scientists study the living world to answer questions about the unknown. We study biology to understand the pathology behind a disease and to find a cure for that disease. We study the environment to improve air quality and to maintain a safe water source. Why are you studying biology? Do you want to apply to nursing school? Are you a mechanical engineering student? Do you dream of attending pharmacy school? Are you interested in public health and the Ebola cases in Western Africa? 1.1 The Scientific Method Core Concept: The scientific method is a deliberate way of asking and answering questions about the natural world. How do we attempt to understand the vast and complex world around us? How do we answer questions about the unknown? For most scientists, studies of the natural world involve the complementary processes of observation and experimentation. The Scientific Method Observation: the act of viewing the world around us; observations allow us to ask focused questions about nature Experimentation: a disciplined and controlled way of asking and answering questions about the world in an unbiased way The Scientific Method Observation: a hummingbird hovering at a white flower and occasionally dipping its long beak into the bloom Questions: Are hummingbirds attracted to the color white? Is the hummingbird feeding on something inside the flower? Why does the hummingbird pay so much attention to the flower? Does the flower benefit from the bird’s behavior? The Scientific Method Observations and the questions they raise allow scientists to propose tentative explanations, or hypotheses. Hypothesis is a tentative explanation for an observation. A good hypothesis makes predictions about observations not yet made or about experiments not yet run. A good hypothesis is also testable. That is, we can devise an experiment to see whether the predictions made by a hypothesis actually occur OR we can go into the field and make more observations. The Scientific Method After observing the hummingbird and asking questions about the event, the following hypothesis is constructed: Hummingbirds are strictly attracted to the color white. There are two main ways to test this hypothesis: 1. Devise an experiment 2. Make more observations in the field The Scientific Method The Scientific Method Based upon further observations, I reject the hypothesis that hummingbirds are strictly attracted to the color white.

Reflective Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Reflective Assignment - Essay Example Reid (1993) posits to the effect that a reflection is a process of reviewing an experience of practice in order to describe, analyse, evaluate and so inform learning about practice. Having undertaken the Glo-bus business simulation in a team from early October 2012 up to the end of January 2013, the aim of this report is to carry a reflective analysis of the experience I gained from working in this team. This simulation game was supposed to put us in a realistic and competitive market setting as well as to try to manage the company’s operations. The decisions made were supposed to be evaluated against the decisions made by other competitors comprised of other class members. In order to win the simulation, teamwork is a virtue. From the Glo-bus business simulation, I can safely say that we attained something positive though we also encountered negative aspects in our team. Therefore, I would like to start by reflecting on the things we have done well and I will also reflect on the areas that were badly done. The main part of the paper will focus on the theoretical framework of the concept of teamwork as well as to reflect the measures that can be taken to improve the success of teams in organizations. Summary of the simulation game My team was comprised of Anyta Burton, Vira Yurcheto, Muntazer Mohammad, Agil Mohastov and myself. In this team, we were supposed to log on to Glo-bus and familiarise ourselves with the system. We were also supposed to work on the weaknesses identified as a team in order to improve the performance of Glo-bus. We were also supposed to have periodic group meetings that were designed to reflect on the progress made as well as to highlight the areas that needed some sort of improvement. The major strength in our team is that our communication system was clear and open and there was mutual understanding among all members. The team leader played an active role in coordinating as well as controlling all communication processes in the group. All decisions made in the group were reached through consensus and consultations among all members of the team were held prior to the implementation of the decision agreed. We realised that this strategy was very effective in dealing with aspects related to conflicts among the members of the team. The other strength is that we managed to influence all the members of the group to have a positive sense towards the simulation process that we carried out. Indeed, we encountered some challenges in carrying out this exercise but to a certain extent, it can be noted that the combined efforts of the group members played a significant role in carrying out the simulation exercise. The main weakness we encountered in our team is that some of the members were not very confident in what they were doing. This certainly impacted the overall performance of the team. We identified seven weaknesses that were supposed to be dealt with. Only two of them were solved while the remaining five requi red solutions from us as a team. The problem here is that team members like Agile lacked confidence in themselves and they did not effectively play their role. For instance, Mo was backing Agile Mohastov after realising that he was slack in his performance. We also had little confidence in him that he would perform to a high level of performance and requirement. This certainly i

Pier scour in Coarse bed and cohesive materials Research Paper

Pier scour in Coarse bed and cohesive materials - Research Paper Example This is the overall mission of the United States Department of the interior and the United States Geological Survey. The two mentioned departments are responsible for bridges and scours which this paper seeks to discuss. Studies have evidently determined that streambed scours are the leading cause of bridge failure in the United States. This results to approximately 60 percent of all bridge failures. The societal repercussions that are associated with failures and the costs that are linked to repair are amplified in Alaska, alternate routes of ground transportation between several cities are not in existence. Bridge culvert damages cost a lot to the economy, for example, in 2002 the damage in Kenai Peninsula was estimated at about 19 million dollars. This led to bridge site examination for scour. Purpose This paper therefore seeks to discuss pier scour in coarse bed and cohesive materials. The purpose of this paper is very open: to know how scour works and why bridges fall down. This is an issue that everyone could be interested in. Several bridges have been witnessed fall down and it has taken my attention to study how the whole process takes place. Bridges are normally built by technical experts and are expected to stay for maximum periods as prescribed by the civil engineers and architectures; however, scour has remained a disappointment to such expectations. Justas the aim of the paper: to discuss pier scour in coarse bed and cohesive materials, I am interested in understanding every single detail about the entire process of scour, types of scour, and its fundamental equations. Background on Scour Scour may refer to as remove by washing hard and rubbing and/ or rub hard with a cleansing rough material. Basically it accounts for a hole that remains behind when sand and rocks, sediments are washed away from the river bottom. Even though scour often occur at any particular time, the scour action is strong especially during flood season. This is because swiftly flowing water has much energy than slowly flowing calm water to lift and wash away sediments from the river bottom. Scour is of a great concern to bridges. This is because if rocks or sediment on which bridge is supported or rest is scoured by the river, it is most probably that the bridge could be very unsafe for travel purposes. For example, in 1987 when the Interstate Highway bridge over Schoharie Creek in the state of New York collapsed following a flood, the Federal Highway Administration demanded that each state to specify bridges on the highway over water that are likely to experience problems of scour and to have the bridges with severe scour identified. This knowledge of bridge sites in which there are potential scour problems will enable the States to improve and monitor the bridge conditions ahead of time before they pose danger to travelers. Types of scour There are three main types of scour that affect bridges. The following are the major types of scour that may pose d anger to highway bridges over water: Local scour: this occurs when sediments are swept away from around bridge piers and/ or abutments: the pillars that support bridges and those that support the end of the bridge. Flowing water past abutment or pier may scoop holes out in the sediment resulting into an

The Dicode PPM (DiPPM) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Dicode PPM (DiPPM) - Essay Example The results from the simulation tests have revealed that when the RS decoder is used it increases the transmission efficiency of the DiPPM to a large extent by decreasing the number of photons. In addition, the system using the RS code has also been shown to provide an improvement of 5.12 dB as compared to the systems which do not employ the RS code. Such an improvement is observed when the code functions at the optimum rate of (3/4) and at a code length.Further, the results have also shown that at this optimum code rate, the DiPPM system achieves maximum transmission efficiency. However, when the system is operated below this optimum level, there is an increase in the number of redundant symbols which in turn negatively affects the performance of the system. It is only above the optimum coding rate that the redundant symbols are found to decrease which implies that the amount of correcting symbols also decrease thereby reducing the transmission efficiency. From the results, it is al so evident that the DiPPM system while using the RS code required only about 14.3 x 103 photons per pulse when it is operated at a bandwidth equal to or above 0.9 times the PCM data rate. On a comparative basis when the DiPPM system uses the MLSD system it achieves a reduction in a number of photons per pulse when it is operated at a bandwidth of less than 1 normalization. From this, it is evident that the DiPPM system when using the RS code outperforms that of the MLSD system when it is operated at a high bandwidth.

Analysis of Albanias Tax System

Analysis of Albanias Tax System INTRODUCTION Every one can make the question: why do we have taxes?.Practically we can say , that one democratic state can not exist without taxes, even if he does not operate just with taxes.Taxes and taxability are a necessity. The standard of living of a modern society demands it; governments must collect the revenues in order to provide the goods and services that their citizens need, want and demand. The principal sources of Albanian tax legislation are the Constitution, various laws and decrees. The Parliament is the prime taxing authority in Albania, while the Ministry of Finance is the executive branch, responsible for administration of the laws. There is an important difference between tax and taxability in Albania.Taxability is an obligated and irreversible payment in state budget which include administrative charges and penalties for the delays provided by law. They are obligated payments of different contributors used for general public services, in that way state can accomplish his duty. While tax is an obligated contribute to pay from one person who profits directly from public services. They are a type of compensation for special public services accomplished from state in advantage of citizen. Taxes are mostly resource of locale organs entries of state, city halls, communes . Taxes for public services which we pay for has the element of volition, wich can not happen in no case with taxability. In financial point of view the taxes role is little than taxability ,so the role and the importance of taxes in confronting expenses for the public services is more sensible in the local budget than in the national budget. The following project aims to treat with no details the types of taxes and taxability in the Republic of Albania,their importance and influence in the economy.Often the countrys financial authorities have been propagating that tax levels in Albania are among the lowest in the region so in another section we will stick to the comparative analysis of tax burden. We will try to compare it with Macedonia and Greece. This article is structured as follows: First, we will briefly review the types of taxes and taxabilities in Albania. Second we will try to analyse and compare their importances in economy of our country with Macedonia and Greece. Finally, chapter four provides a summary and the conclusions on the issues treated. OVERVIEW ON TAX SYSTEM IN ALBANIA In the following section we will briefly review the classification of taxability and taxes in Albania.1 1 This section is based mainly on a summary of tax system in Albania presented by Financat (2006). 2.1 Taxes 2.1.1 National Taxes National Taxes cover 23% of the income that the state recieves from the taxes system,that is why they are considered very important to the Governments budget.Among the main national taxes,we can mention Road Traffic Tax,Higher Education Tax and Registration fee for Poker Games, Casinos, for sport competitions taking place at the racetrack.Road Traffix Taxes include taxes imposed by the Government for the use of imported vehicles ,also the old ones,for the fuel consumption etc.The universities and other Academies are charged with the collection of Higher Education Tax.These taxes are cashed not later than 30 days from the official date of the beginning of the school year, in any academic year.While the tax on registration of gambling, casinos for sportive races held in hippodromes is payable only once at the beginning of such activities and their registration. 2.1.2 Local Taxes Among the main local taxes,we can mention taxes for the capture of public spaces,taxes on real estate, local taxes on small businesses etc.The taxes on real estate include taxes on buildings, taxes of the lands use and also taxes on the agricultural lands.These taxes are calculated as an annual obligation of taxpayers from January the 1st- December 31st of the following year.If the taxable property is created,alienates or dissapears within this period,the obligation of taxpayers is calculated proportionally with the period of the property rights.To facilitate the implementation of this tax ,the bill, compiled in 20/04/2010 by the Government,where it was put a tax in the measure of 10% of the lands value for all those who have the right to use the states land,but have not yet privatized this land.This bill,more than a policy in the tax system, is used for the privatization of the land in use,because the legalization is a current problem in the country. 2.2 Taxability 2.2.1 Direct taxation It includes direct taxation on bussines and personal income tax: Direct taxation on bussines which is also known as flat tax regime feeds economic growth by promoting the generation of the capital and attracting the foreign investments,thus increasing capacity through investment in the economy,aiming for a more efficient tax administration,provides an increase of the revenue in budget.While on the other hand this regime affects the emphasis on social inequality through the displacement of attention by facilitating fiscal burden on individuals,particularly those with low and medium income,to the ease of the fiscal burden on profitable subjects. Personal income tax is calculated on the income of the individuals.It applies to any income of any form, from any source, realized by any individual tax-object based on the law. Indirect taxation It includes Value added tax (VAT) and Excizes: Value added tax (VAT) is paid for all supplies of taxable goods and services rendered by the payment of a taxable person as part of its economical activity in the territory of the Albanian Republic and for all imports of goods in Albania.The Value added tax in the country, applies at 20 % . Excizes represents taxes with high level rates on the consumption of a certain category of goods. Usually excizes apply to harmful products for health, goods that affect environment pollution and luxury goods.Excise tax in Albania is refundable for this items:propellant oils used by producers of electricity resources with a power of 5 MW or more for each energetic resource;propellant used for agricultural purposes, for industrial and agro-industrial production. COMPARING ALBANIAN TAX SYSTEM WITH OTHER COUNTRIES OF REGION 3.1 Greece Taxation The principal taxes of Helen state are corporate tax, personal income tax,value added tax (VAT),excise duty and property tax.As in Albania the prime taxing authority in Greece is The Parliament , while the executive branch responsible for administration of the laws is the Ministry of Finance.Unfortunately,revenue collected from taxes in Albania based on Gjokutaj(2007) are not yet at the desired level, as the structure and organization of the economy or business in our country is not very favorable. Factors like disuse of the banking system in economic transaction, arbitrariness and bureaucracy lead to the development of corruption, causing a loss in government revenue , that must be gained from taxes and thus bring a reduction of the effectiveness of Tax Administration. Some of these problems are present also in Greece.For example according to Yannopoulos(2003,p 4) during 2002 hundreds of businesses in Greece whose sole activity was to practice or abet some form of taxes fraud .Some did nothing but issue and sell false invoices for imaginary services,which companies could use to keep down their paper profits; others made fraudulent demands for the reimbursement of VAT.While now as we know the crisis that Greece is experiencing ,come as a result of tax evasion by all citizien. As shown by Goro(2010) this caused the increase of budget deficit of Greece, which captures the value of 12.7%. The Greek government has undertaken different policy from the region as increasing taxes to increase its income, this could exceed the crisis in which is included.But these decisions has caused discontent and protest for people and bussines. Referring to Taxrates(2010),minifin (2010) and as shown by Table 2 we can say that in Albania VAT is 20% unless cases when it is specified in this law, while in Greece for all the goods not belong to any special category the VAT is 23%.As we can see it is higher than in Albania.Personal income tax in Greece has the value equal to 15 % and the Corporate tax is equal to 25%, but in our country both of those taxes are knowed as FLAT TAX and the value of this tax is 10%,which is clearly lower than in Greece. According to Taxrates (2010) and to Xhepa(2000) ,Excise duty is roundet to the same value in both countries but in Greece, is expected this tax to be increased, until 10%, for some items(like alcohol,tobaccoetc). Greek exports to EU countries are tariff-free. Imports from non-EU countries are subject to the EUs common customs tariff. Most raw materials enter duty-free, while manufactured goods have rates between 5% and 7%. Textiles, electronics, and some food products have higher rat es. Motor vehicles, yachts, and motorcycles are subject to special duties.While Albania applies customs duty for machinery and equipment and other capital goods at 5%(minimum because there are aother categories of goods, which are raw materials that have tariffs of 10%). Greece does not impose withholding tax on corporate dividends paid to foreign investors. It does impose withholding tax on interest and royalties. The rate of tax may be affected by income tax treaties.In Albania earnings, that economic entity realizes are taxed in the amount of 30 percent. While dividends, interest and other types of earnings pay a withholding tax to the extent 10 % for residents and 15 % for non-residents. Finally according to the analyses above we can say that compared with Albania, Greece really applies higher tax rates than Albania.But both countries have similarities.The structure and organization of the economy or business for the moment is not very favorable in Albania as well as in Greece.It has caused a loss in government revenue , that must be gained from taxes and thus bring a reduction of the effectiveness of Tax Administration,whose consequence is the crisis caused by tax evasion in Greece. 3.2 Macedonia Taxation The most principals taxes applied in Macedonia are flat tax (corporate tax and personal income tax),value added tax (VAT),excise duty and property tax.As we can see taxes in Macedonia are similar with taxes in Albania. Referring to Xhepa (2000 pp 7-9) ,minifin (2010) and as shown by Table 1 we can see that Vat value in Albania is equal to 20% and in Macedonia it is at 18%. So in Albania its noted a higer level of VAT than in Macedonia.About Flat tax in both countries it is noted a trend to put down the level of this tax. Macedonia applies this tax with a value of 12%, and in our country it is applied with a value of 10 %.This value puts our contry in the range of states with the lowest value of this tax in the region. Always according to Xhepa (2000 pp 7-9) and minifin (2010) we can see that Albania applies customs duty for machinery and equipment and other capital goods at 5%(minimum because several categories of goods, which are raw materials have tariffs of 10%).While foreign companies that wish to operate in Macedonia (for a period of at least five years), exempt from customs duties on machinery and equipment (capital goods) imported, which are part of the investment.(Level of custom duties ran ges from 0 percent to 60 %).So we can reach the conclusion that Albania applies a standard rate ,while in Macedonia even though facilities the custom duty rate is higher than in Albania.In Albania earnings, that economic entity realizes are taxed in the amount of 30 percent. While dividends, interest and other types of earnings pay a withholding tax to the extent 10 % for residents and 15 % for non-residents.In Macedonia this tax is applied to the extent of 23 %. While referring to Xhepa(2000) labor costs rise by about 42 percent for payments made on social security and health,while in Macedonia it is a total of 30%. At the end of these comparisons, we can reach the conclusions that there are taxes in which Albania applies lower rates than Macedonia as well as there are taxes wich are at a higher rate.But what is important to emphasize is that both countries follow the policy of low level taxes to attract investitors from other countries and to protect the bussines. CONCLUSIONS At the end of this analysis we can draw the following conclusions: First,revenue collected from taxes in Albania are not yet at the desired level, as the structure and organization of the economy or business in our country is not very favorable,but Greece is also facing the same problems that even lead to the crises that it is experiencing recently,which Albania succesfully went through some years ago.While compared with Macedonia we can conclude that both countries follow the policy of low level taxes to attract investitors from other countries and to protect the bussines. Another conclusion that we reached at the end of this paper is that Albania,as well as Macedonia and Greece apply the same principal taxes,but the difference is that they have different tax rates.For the same taxes ,Greece applies higher tax rates than Albania,while comparing with Macedonia there are taxes in which Albania applies lower rates than Macedonia ,but there are also taxes in our country which are at a higher rate.

Nature Versus Nurture: Both Play a Role in Development Essay -- child

Nature versus nurture is a commonly debated topic in the scientific world. For example were all child molesters abused as children themselves or are their genes or other factors to blame for their bad decisions? Genes seem to determine much about children, such as eye color and height, but do they also determine behavior and overall health, or is the environment the children were raised in to blame? For example, when a child is misbehaving, is it the parents responsibility to take the blame for their offspring's behavior due to how they have chosen to raise their son or daughter, or is the child's genetic makeup to blame for their faults? Can a child's environment override the genes a child is born with? Mischievous children's genes and environment are both to blame for their actions. Just because a child sees his or her parents invest their time in drugs or alcohol does not make the child themselves end up in the same situation proving that environment is not the only determining factor in a child's behavior. Genetics play an important role as well. The environment a child is ...

A Literary Analysis of the Sweet Hereafter Essay

In the final section of the novel, The Sweet Hereafter, Banks seems to be using the demolition derby setting as a place for everyone to meet and see just exactly how things have changed in the town of Sam Dent since the tragic bus accident that happened the previous winter. It serves as a place that can be compared and contrasted with how the townspeople act this year versus the previous years. It is also a place where most everyone in the town comes annually. It may be told through Dolores’ perspective but she gives the reader an idea of exactly how different of an experience it is for her this year from last year. She also eludes through her narration how specific people are different this year. The most significant change in a person that I was able to notice was the change in Billy Ansel. Dolores commented on how he was drunk when she saw him at the demolition derby. He was carrying a flask with him and had a woman with him that was, as Dolores commented, â€Å"Not the sort of woman you’d expect to see in Billy Ansel’s company† (233). Dolores described the way Billy used to be by saying that he â€Å"had been a noble man; and now he was ruined† (235). I could tell differences in Billy as well. The first thing that tipped me off about how he was acting was that he was cursing profusely. Before all of this happened he would curse, but at the demolition derby it was like he couldn’t go for an entire sentence without cursing. Russell Banks did a very good job of changing the dialogue that came about in a conversation with Billy Ansel. It really gave me a sense of giving up. It seems to me that Billy has given up. He no longer is trying to be the pillar of strength that he used to be. He doesn’t hide the fact that he is a drunk and he doesn’t seem to care very much about the woman he is with. These are some very big changes in Billy. He is clearly a wounded and beaten man. I think that Dolores summed it up perfectly when she said, â€Å"I looked across to Billy Ansel and realized that what frightened and saddened me most about him was that he no longer loved anybody. All the man had was himself. And you can’t love only yourself†(237). Another reason why I think that Banks put Dolores at the Demolition Derby was to give her a chance to reflect upon all the other lives that were affected by the tragic accident. She goes on for two pages about all the people who  were different now. The Walkers were getting a divorce, the Lamstons were on welfare, the Bilodeaus and Atwaters were in jail for dealing drugs, and the Ottos were isolating themselves from the world. Because Dolores was in this situation with all the townspeople shunning her, it served as the perfect time and place to wrap up exactly what has become of the survivors and the families of the victims. Overall, the county fair and demolition derby was the perfect place to end the novel. It brought everyone together again because it was an annual event that the whole town attended. It served as a comparison to the past years when it would be in town. When you go to an event every year such as this you tend to know what to expect. This year Dolores had no idea and that scared her. The whole time she was there she was making then and now comparisons of the people who she saw. The reflections and comparisons are a perfect way to show exactly how affected by the accident the people of Sam Dent were. It seems to me that this town has given up just as Billy Ansel did. Dolores says, â€Å"All over town there were empty houses and trailers for sale that last winter had been homes with families in them. A town needs its children, just as much and in the same ways as a family does. It comes undone without them, turns a community into a windblown scattering of isolated individuals† (236). This is the way that I see this town as well. It definitely resembles what I would think that a windblown scattering of isolated individuals would look like. Clearly this accident has affected the whole town in a way that might never be repaired. And the last section that takes place at the demolition derby was a place for them all to come together and show each other exactly how different it all was.

Subverted 19th Century Traditional Social Mores and Norms in Dracula Essay Essays

Subverted 19th Century Traditional Social Mores and Norms in Dracula Essay Essays Subverted 19th Century Traditional Social Mores and Norms in Dracula Essay Paper Subverted 19th Century Traditional Social Mores and Norms in Dracula Essay Paper Essay Topic: Dracula Bram Stoker’s Dracula remains one of the more recognizable novels of its genre despite being published in 1897. A authoritative horror narrative which has been retold and produced over and over once more since its original publication. Dracula was particularly upseting when it originally was released because of how Stoker attacks Victorian epoch societal mores and norms throughout the full novel. Stoker subverts traditional nineteenth Century societal mores and norms in Dracula through the portraiture of sexually aggressive and self-asserting females. Jonathan and Mina’s relationship. and the opposite of Maternity. One of the first illustrations of Stoker’s subverting of traditional societal mores and norms in his novel is Dracula’s Wives. Our first brush with the â€Å"weird sisters† comes when they approach Jonathan Harker at the Count’s sign of the zodiac. Christopher Craft described the scene in his contemplation as so â€Å"Immobilized by the viing jussive moods of ‘wicked desire’ and ‘deadly fright. ’ Harker awaits an titillating fulfilment that entails both the disintegration of the boundaries of the ego and the thorough corruption of conventional Victorian gender codifications. † ( Stoker. Auerbach. and Skal 444 ) . Trade is right that this is a clear corruption of conventional Victorian gender norms. Both Jonathan and the Dracula’s Wives represent a entire reversal of what would hold been considered normal or appropriate in the nineteenth Century. Dracula’s Wives are the attackers in this sexual scene while Jonathan is the inactive or cautious sexual spouse. His expectancy of the bite from one of the eldritch sisters is similar to that of a virgin adult female waiting for her spouse to perforate her for the first clip. The eldritch sisters represent the entire antonym of what a proper Victorian adult female is supposed to resemble. They are sexually aggressive and self-asserting alternatively of inactive and puritan. Another female character that on occasion reveals what would be considered really upseting at the clip of the novel’s publication is Lucy. Lucy at one point references to Mina that she wishes she didn’t have to take merely one adult male to be with and that she wishes she could be with all of them. Such a idea was considered disgraceful during the clip period and even though Lucy is cognizant that what she is stating is inappropriate she is non able to maintain from showing her true desires to Mina. The married womans and Lucy are a few of the cardinal xpressions of subverted nineteenth century norms in Bram Stoker’s Dracula. Jonathan and Mina’s relationship is another illustration of Stoker’s subverting of traditional nineteenth century societal mores and norms in his authoritative narrative. Throughout the book we see Jonathan and Mina’s characters switch gender functions from a more traditional representation to an upside-down representation. Mina is no ordinary Victorian age female. She does want to function her hubby and unlike Lucy doesn’t express the desire to be with any other spouses. but Mina is particular in the eyes of the male characters in the narrative. Van Helsing and the other work forces believe Mina’s head to be like that of a adult male. This would be considered a immense compliment at the clip because adult females were non frequently thought of being capable of believing on the same rational degree as work forces. On the other manus. Jonathan begins to fall apart. He suffers from febrilities which cause him to hold tantrums of about insanity. During this clip he surely is non believing on the rational degree that he one time did and it is clear that Mina is the more enlightened of the two lovers. This represents one inversion of traditional gender norms. Peoples didn’t considered that a adult female could be the more capable head in a relationship but that is exactly what Mina is during the bulk of the novel. That is non the lone illustration of gender reversal in Dracula. at one point Jonathan becomes swoon in public and to maintain him from falling Mina supports him. It would hold been considered really uneven to see a adult female in public back uping a adult male like this. Stoker uses Mina and Jonathan’s relationship as another corruption of 19th century traditional societal mores and norms in Dracula. Possibly the most distressing facet of Stoker’s Dracula is the opposite of pregnancy. The opposite of pregnancy represents an about perfect corruption of traditional nineteenth century societal mores and norms. Craft besides wrote is his contemplation. â€Å"Stoker emphasizes the freak implicit in such repeal of gender codifications by inverting a favourite Victorian maternal map. † ( Stoker. Auerbach. and Skal 453 ) . Maternity hasn’t changed much sense the nineteenth century. adult females are expected to care for the kids above all other duties. Acerate leaf to state the eating on defenseless kids by Lucy and Dracula’s Wives is a complete antonym of pregnancy. The banqueting on kids is peculiar upseting and flooring no affair what era one is born in and represents what is a overriding subject in Dracula the opposite of Maternity. Another illustration of the opposite of Maternity is the scene in which Dracula cuts his ain chest and forces Mina to imbibe from his lesion. Craft writes. â€Å"We are at the Count’s chest. encouraged one time once more to replace white for ruddy. as blood becomes milk. † ( Stoker. Auerbach. and Skal 458 ) . This reading is consistent with what I found. Clearly Stoker is making a distressing image that resembles a female parent feeding her babe and wholly turns pregnancy on its caput. Trade goes on to propose that possibly the scene represents more than merely an opposite of pregnancy and that the blood Mina drinks from the Count is really semen. I agree that the scene resembles forced fellatio but the resemblance to a female parent feeding her babe is excessively obvious a connexion non to be made. Inverse of pregnancy is the true symbol of this scene. In many ways Dracula can be viewed as in front of its clip. Many of the story’s developments. which were considered to be dismaying during the Victorian age. don’t cause many to bat an cilium in today’s society. Stoker subverts traditional nineteenth century societal mores and norms in Dracula through the portraiture of sexually aggressive and self-asserting females. Jonathan and Mina’s relationship. and the opposite of Maternity.

Free Essays on Embracing Defeat

Dower, John W. Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II. New York : W.W. Norton and Company, 1999. As with most accounts of post-war occupations, history is written though the eyes of the victor. The same can be said for previous accounts of the American occupation of Japan. The Japanese occupation differed from German occupation in that the United States did not have sole control in Germany as they did in Japan. The racial issue also plays an important role in the recorded history of the occupation. The United States looked upon the Japanese, in the same respect as they did any other occupants of the Asian continent as â€Å"little brown brothers† unable to restore their homeland. In his book, Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II, John Dower attempts to tell the story from the other side of the fence. He depicts the Japanese characters in the tale and their struggles and willingness to move on, not just the popular American players who are usually portrayed as gods, handing out democracy from above. Through the use of cartoons, photographs, diary entries, a nd other pieces of everyday life as well as highly demonstrative language, John Dower attempts to recreate the social and cultural history of Japan during the American Occupation. This makes for a better overall understanding of the era, as he works from the inside; thoughts, motives, and emotions, to the outside; people, places, and events, through the eyes of the Japanese people. Dower has tried to convey from within some sense of the Japanese experience of defeat by focusing on â€Å"social and cultural developments as well as on popular consciousness.† (25). Dower writes, "To put it a little differently, I have tried to capture a sense of what it meant to start over in a ruined world by recovering the voices of people at all levels of society."(25). The result is a highly informative collection of songs, signboards, rhymes, movie plots, comi... Free Essays on Embracing Defeat Free Essays on Embracing Defeat Dower, John W. Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II. New York : W.W. Norton and Company, 1999. As with most accounts of post-war occupations, history is written though the eyes of the victor. The same can be said for previous accounts of the American occupation of Japan. The Japanese occupation differed from German occupation in that the United States did not have sole control in Germany as they did in Japan. The racial issue also plays an important role in the recorded history of the occupation. The United States looked upon the Japanese, in the same respect as they did any other occupants of the Asian continent as â€Å"little brown brothers† unable to restore their homeland. In his book, Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II, John Dower attempts to tell the story from the other side of the fence. He depicts the Japanese characters in the tale and their struggles and willingness to move on, not just the popular American players who are usually portrayed as gods, handing out democracy from above. Through the use of cartoons, photographs, diary entries, a nd other pieces of everyday life as well as highly demonstrative language, John Dower attempts to recreate the social and cultural history of Japan during the American Occupation. This makes for a better overall understanding of the era, as he works from the inside; thoughts, motives, and emotions, to the outside; people, places, and events, through the eyes of the Japanese people. Dower has tried to convey from within some sense of the Japanese experience of defeat by focusing on â€Å"social and cultural developments as well as on popular consciousness.† (25). Dower writes, "To put it a little differently, I have tried to capture a sense of what it meant to start over in a ruined world by recovering the voices of people at all levels of society."(25). The result is a highly informative collection of songs, signboards, rhymes, movie plots, comi...

Mass customization needs to go beyond technology Essay

Mass customization needs to go beyond technology - Essay Example Concerning the preparation for the mass customization, the author notes that it is a process that involves the production side and supply-chain vantage point. Some of the aspects that the author has touched in regard to the preparation for the mass customization is the organizational transformation. Some of the aspects that the article presents that guides the preparation for the mass customization include; modular design, the level of the mass customization, and among others. In conclusion, the article notes that the issue of the mass customization is the one that requires â€Å"careful preparation in every stage the supply chain and also enriching buying experience of the customers†. The author concludes by saying that the changing markets are the principal guidance for the mass customization. With the increasing population in the world, the market is no longer homogenous and stable. The idea of the mass customization, therefore, seems as the best solution to these challenges. The article has a particularly perfect managerial implication in that it has discussed the need for the mass customization of the products. In particular interest, the article has used the painting industry in India to discuss how the customization of the products for the individual customers can lead to the customer satisfaction. This is particularly true because in the changing trends around the world there is a need for the managers/organizations to ensure that the varied needs of the customers are met through mass customization.

Genetic reprogramming holds great promise for the discipline of Research Paper

Genetic reprogramming holds great promise for the discipline of regenerative medicine, because of the ability to obtain patient- - Research Paper Example These cells are similar to embryonic cells in that they can differentiate into the various body cells under favorable conditions. The advantage of iPSCs cells over the embryonic cells is that they do not need embryos during production. This makes the technology ethically acceptable. IPSCs cells production involves inserting of stem cell associated genes into specialized somatic cells using viral vectors (Xiong et al 1). Genetic engineers hopefully believe iPSCs cells will initiate the production of cells or tissue from a patient that will repair the damaged tissues. The cells regenerated through induced pluripotent stem cell method are most suitable in restoring damaged cells and tissues. This is because the patient’s immune system will readily tolerate them. This will eliminate the problem of graft rejection exhibited in xenografts or isografts. Elimination of immune suppressive drugs on patients usually does happen. Despite all these seemingly possible setbacks, induced plur ipotent stem cells have proofed to be the future of the regenerative medicine. Patients suffering from cardiovascular disease and other disorders will find cure after the establishment of this technology. Application of iPSCs in treatment of cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular disease affects the cardiovascular system (the heart and the blood vessels). These diseases include coronary heart disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, pulmonary embolism among others. The iPSCs technology promises a positive break through to the medicine world (Amit &Joseph112). The ability to induce adult specific cells into stem cell without use of embryo enables clinicians to change other cells from a patient. The body recognizes the cells as self and therefore no rejection can occur. Researchers are successfully modeling many cardiovascular diseases by this technology. The improved understanding of the cardiovascular diseases provides a better treatment in the medicine world. Formation of cardiomy ocytes Reprogramming of somatic cells into iPSCs is by integrating or non-integrating method. The integrating method uses viral vector while the non-integrating method uses a plasmid to deliver the genes. For cardiovascular disease treatment, the most suitable is the non-integrating method. Reprogramming of the fibroblasts of the dermis of the patient produces the iPSCs for use. A method called embroyoid body differentiation turns the iPSCs to revolve into cardiomyocytes (Nelson et al 2). The cardiac cells produced this way show the same characteristics of human cardiac cells although they may differ in morphology. To determine functionality of the iPSCs, cardiomyocytes researchers use molecular techniques such as immunocytochemistry and polymerase chain reaction techniques (Amit & Joseph117). The cardiomyocytes formed from patient cells posses the mutations that cause disease in the patient. These cells serve as the model for the disease and therefore further investigations are pos sible. Modeling of inherited cardiovascular diseases is very important in determining its cure. The iPSCs cardiomyocytes (heart muscle cells) provide the best model for these diseases. The iPSCs provide insights to concerns of heart repair. This technology is a potential source of cells for repairing the heart and blood vessels. Studies done by Li and co-researchers gave the evidence that induced pluripotent stem cells would provide unlimited resources for transplantation. This form of tissue